Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Cats(HCM)

The most common cardiac disease in cats, where the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick. Many breeds have genetic predisposition, and it can cause sudden death.

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Symptoms

Asymptomatic (early stage)
Difficulty breathing
Lethargy
Sudden hind limb paralysis (thromboembolism)
Fainting

Related Symptom Pages

Difficulty Breathing Lethargy Collapse Not Moving Mouth Breathing

Causes

Hereditary (gene mutations identified in many breeds)
Secondary to hyperthyroidism
Hypertension

Diagnosis

Cardiac ultrasound (echocardiogram)

ECG

Chest X-ray

NT-proBNP blood test

Treatment

ACE inhibitors
Beta-blockers
Diuretics (for congestive heart failure)
Anti-thrombotic therapy (clopidogrel)

Prognosis

Asymptomatic cats can survive long-term, but prognosis is poor once heart failure or thromboembolism develops.

Severity: High

Prevention

Genetic testing (MYBPC3, etc.)
Annual echocardiogram
Breeding management

Commonly Affected Breeds

Ragdoll Maine Coon British Shorthair Sphynx Bengal Devon Rex Persian

Epidemiology

Prevalence

Approximately 15% of all cats

SymptomsHeart Disease in Cats (HCM): Symptoms, Diagnosis & Home CareRead article SymptomsCat Breathing Fast: Emergency Checklist & CausesRead article PreventionCat Health Checkup: Tests & Cost GuideRead article SymptomsLethargic Cat: Causes of Low Energy & When to Visit the VetRead article

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